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Text: Rig Veda Book 9 Hymn 2 पवस्व देववीरति पवित्रं सोम रंह्या | इन्द्रमिन्दो वर्षा विश || आ वच्यस्व महि पसरो वर्षेन्दो दयुम्नवत्तमः | आ योनिं धर्णसिः सदः || अधुक्षत परियं मधु धारा सुतस्य वेधसः | अपो वसिष्ट सुक्रतुः || महान्तं तवा महीरन्वापो अर्षन्ति सिन्धवः | यद गोभिर्वासयिष्यसे || समुद्रो अप्सु माम्र्जे विष्टम्भो धरुणो दिवः | सोमः पवित्रे अस्मयुः || अचिक्रदद वर्षा हरिर्महान मित्रो न दर्शतः | सं सूर्येण रोचते || गिरस्त इन्द ओजसा मर्म्र्ज्यन्ते अपस्युवः | याभिर्मदाय शुम्भसे || तं तवा मदाय घर्ष्वय उ लोकक्र्त्नुमीमहे | तव परशस्तयो महीः || अस्मभ्यमिन्दविन्द्रयुर्मध्वः पवस्व धारया | पर्जन्यो वर्ष्टिमानिव || गोषा इन्दो नर्षा अस्यश्वसा वाजसा उत | आत्मा यज्ञस्य पूर्व्यः ||...

Text: Rig Veda Book 10 Hymn 2 पिप्रीहि देवानुशतो यविष्ठ विद्वान रतून्रतुपतेयजेह | ये दैव्या रत्विजस्तेभिरग्ने तवं होतॄणामस्यायजिष्ठः || वेषि होत्रमुत पोत्रं जनानां मन्धातासि दरविणोदार्तावा | सवाहा वयं कर्णवामा हवींषि देवो देवान्यजत्वग्निरर्हन || आ देवानामपि पन्थामगन्म यच्छक्नवाम तदनुप्रवोळुम | अग्निर्विद्वान स यजात सेदु होता सो अध्वरांस रतून कल्पयाति || यद वो वयं परमिनाम वरतानि विदुषं देवाविदुष्टरासः | अग्निष टद विश्वमा पर्णाति विद्वान्येभिर्देवान रतुभिः कल्पयाति || यत पाकत्रा मनसा दीनदक्षा न यज्ञस्य मन्वतेमर्त्यासः | अग्निष टद धोता करतुविद विजानन्यजिष्ठो देवान रतुशो यजाति || विश्वेषां हयध्वराणामनीकं चित्रं केतुं जनितात्वा जजान | स आ यजस्व नर्वतीरनु कषा सपार्हािषः कषुमतीर्विश्वजन्याः || यं तवा दयावाप्र्थिवी यं तवापस्त्वष्टा यं तवासुजनिमा जजान | पन्थामनु परविद्वान्पित्र्याणं दयुमदग्ने समिधानो वि भाहि ||...

Samkhya Books Umesh Chandra Banerjee PDF: Sankhya Philosophy

somasya mā tavasaṁ vakṣy agne vahniṁ cakartha vidathe yajadhyai | devām̐ acchā dīdyad yuñje adriṁ śamāye agne tanvaṁ juṣasva || RV_3,001.01 prāñcaṁ yajñaṁ cakṛma vardhatāṁ gīḥ samidbhir agniṁ namasā duvasyan | divaḥ śaśāsur vidathā kavīnāṁ gṛtsāya cit tavase gātum īṣuḥ || RV_3,001.02 mayo dadhe medhiraḥ pūtadakṣo divaḥ subandhur januṣā pṛthivyāḥ | avindann u darśatam apsv a1ntar devāso agnim apasi svasṝṇām || RV_3,001.03 avardhayan subhagaṁ sapta yahvīḥ śvetaṁ jajñānam aruṣam mahitvā | śiśuṁ na jātam abhy ārur aśvā devāso agniṁ janiman vapuṣyan || RV_3,001....

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Text: स ईक्षतेमे नु लोका लोकपालान्नु सृजा इति ॥ सोऽद्भ्य एव पुरुषं समुद्धृत्यामूर्छयत् ॥ ३ ॥ He thought "These indeed are the are the worlds; I shall create the protectors of the worlds." He gathered the Purusha from out of the waters only and fashioned him. Shankara’s Commentary: Having thus created the four worlds, the places where all living beings were to enjoy the fruits of their action, He, the Lord, thought again, Indeed these worlds, Ambhas etc....

Text: पीतोदका जग्धतृणा दुग्धदोहा निरिन्द्रियाः । अनन्दा नाम ते लोकास्तान्स गच्छति ता ददत् ॥ ३ ॥ pītodakā jagdhatṛṇā dugdhadohā nirindriyāḥ | anandā nāma te lokāstānsa gacchati tā dadat || 3 || 3. (These cows) have drunk water for the last time, eaten grass for the last time, have yielded all their milk and are devoid of vigour. Joyless verily are those worlds; them he attains who gives these. Shankara’s Commentary: How he thought is explained; the epithet Pitodakah and those which follow describe the cows to be given as rewards....

Text: स त्वं प्रियान्प्रियरूपाँश्च कामानभिध्यायन्नचिकेतोऽत्यस्राक्शीः । नैताँ सृङ्कां वित्तमयीमवाप्तो यस्यां मज्जन्ति बहवो मनुष्याः ॥ ३ ॥ sa tvaṃ priyānpriyarūpām̐śca kāmānabhidhyāyannaciketo’tyasrākśīḥ । naitām̐ sṛṅkāṃ vittamayīmavāpto yasyāṃ majjanti bahavo manuṣyāḥ ॥ 3 ॥ 3. Oh Nachiketas, thou hast renounced desires and desirable objects of sweet shape, judging them by their real value; thou hast not accepted this garland of such wealth, in which many mortals sink. Shankara’s Commentary: You, though repeatedly tempted by me, have renounced objects of desires, such as sons, etc....

Text: आत्मानँ रथितं विद्धि शरीरँ रथमेव तु । बुद्धिं तु सारथिं विद्धि मनः प्रग्रहमेव च ॥ ३ ॥ ātmānam̐ rathitaṃ viddhi śarīram̐ rathameva tu | buddhiṃ tu sārathiṃ viddhi manaḥ pragrahameva ca || 3 || 3. Know the atman as the lord of the chariot, the body as only the chariot, know also intelligence as the driver; know the minds as the reins. Shankara’s Commentary: Here a chariot is imagined for the atman, conditioned in Samsara, entitled to acquire knowledge and perform Karma for attaining emancipation and for travelling in Samsara, as a means to reach both....

Text: येन रूपं रसं गन्धं शब्दान्स्पर्शाँश्च मैथुनान् । एतेनैव विजानाति किमत्र परिशिष्यते । एतद्वैतत् ॥ ३ ॥ yena rūpaṃ rasaṃ gandhaṃ śabdānsparśām̐śca maithunān | etenaiva vijānāti kimatra pariśiṣyate | etadvaitat || 3 || 3. By which alone, one knows form, taste, smell, sounds, touch and the pleasures of the sexes; what remains here unknown to that. This verily is that. Shankara’s Commentary: How is that to be known, other than the knowledge of which Brahmins do not crave anything....

Text: ऊर्ध्वं प्राणमुन्नयत्यपानं प्रत्यगस्यति । मध्ये वामनमासीनं विश्वे देवा उपासते ॥ ३ ॥ ūrdhvaṃ prāṇamunnayatyapānaṃ pratyagasyati | madhye vāmanamāsīnaṃ viśve devā upāsate || 3 || 3. He leads the prana upwards and casts the apana downwards; the dwarf seated in the middle, all Devas worship. Shankara’s Commentary: Com.—In realising the existence of the atman an evidence is offered—Upwards] from the heart. Praba the wind, whose function is connected with breath. Unnayati ] leads upwards....

Text: भयादस्याग्निस्तपति भयात्तपति सूर्यः । भयादिन्द्रश्च वायुश्च मृत्युर्धावति पञ्चमः ॥ ३ ॥ bhayādasyāgnistapati bhayāttapati sūryaḥ | bhayādindraśca vāyuśca mṛtyurdhāvati pañcamaḥ || 3 || 3. From fear of him, fire burns; from fear, the sun shines; from fear, Indra and Wind; and Death, the fifth, speeds. Shankara’s Commentary: How the world lives from fear, of him, is explained. The fire burns from fear of him, the lord of all; the sun shines from fear; from fear, Indra and Wind; and Death, the fifth, runs; for, if Brahman did not exist as controller of the competent protectors of the world, like one with the thunderbolt uplifted in his hand, their well-regulated activity, as that of the servants trembling from fear of the master would not be possible....

Text: Rig Veda Book 1 Hymn 3 अश्विना यज्वरीरिषो दरवत्पाणी शुभस पती | पुरुभुजाचनस्यतम || अश्विना पुरुदंससा नरा शवीरया धिया | धिष्ण्या वनतं गिरः || दस्रा युवाकवः सुता नासत्या वर्क्तबर्हिषः | आ यातंरुद्रवर्तनी || इन्द्रा याहि चित्रभानो सुता इमे तवायवः | अण्वीभिस्तना पूतासः || इन्द्रा याहि धियेषितो विप्रजूतः सुतावतः | उप बरह्माणि वाघतः || इन्द्रा याहि तूतुजान उप बरह्माणि हरिवः | सुते दधिष्वनश्चनः || ओमासश्चर्षणीध्र्तो विश्वे देवास आ गत | दाश्वांसो दाशुषः सुतम || विश्वे देवासो अप्तुरः सुतमा गन्त तूर्णयः | उस्रा इवस्वसराणि || विश्वे देवासो अस्रिध एहिमायासो अद्रुहः | मेधं जुषन्त वह्नयः || पावका नः सरस्वती वाजेभिर्वाजिनीवती | यज्ञं वष्टु धियावसुः || चोदयित्री सून्र्तानां चेतन्ती सुमतीनाम | यज्ञं दधे सरस्वती || महो अर्णः सरस्वती पर चेतयति केतुना | धियो विश्वा वि राजति ||...

Text: Rig Veda Book 2 Hymn 3 समिद्धो अग्निर्निहितः पर्थिव्यां परत्यं विश्वानि भुवनान्यस्थात | होता पावकः परदिवः सुमेधा देवो देवान यजत्वग्निरर्हन || नराशंसः परति धामान्यञ्जन तिस्रो दिवः परति मह्ना सवर्चिः | घर्तप्रुषा मनसा हव्यमुन्दन मूर्धन यज्ञस्य समनक्तु देवान || ईळितो अग्ने मनसा नो अर्हन देवान यक्षि मानुषात पूर्वो अद्य | स आ वह मरुतां शर्धो अच्युतमिन्द्रं नरो बर्हिषदं यजध्वम || देव बर्हिर्वर्धमानं सुवीरं सतीर्णं राये सुभरं वेद्यस्याम | घर्तेनाक्तं वसवः सीदतेदं विश्वे देवा आदित्या यज्ञियासः || वि शरयन्तामुर्विया हूयमाना दवारो देवीः सुप्रायणा नमोभिः | वयचस्वतीर्वि परथन्तामजुर्या वर्णं पुनानायशसं सुवीरम || साध्वपांसि सनता न उक्षिते उषासानक्ता वय्येव रण्विते | तन्तुं ततं संवयन्ती समीची यज्ञस्य पेशः सुदुघे पयस्वती || दैव्या होतारा परथमा विदुष्टर रजु यक्षतः सं रचावपुष्टरा | देवान यजन्ताव रतुथा समञ्जतो नाभा पर्थिव्या अधि सानुषु तरिषु || सरस्वती साधयन्ती धियं न इळा देवी भारती विश्वतूर्तिः | तिस्रो देवीः सवधया बर्हिरेदमछिद्रं पान्तुशरणं निषद्य || पिशङगरूपः सुभरो वयोधाः शरुष्टी वीरो जायते देवकामः | परजां तवष्टा वि षयतु नाभिमस्मे अथा देवानामप्येतु पाथः || वनस्पतिरवस्र्जन्नुप सथादग्निर्हविः सूदयाति पर धीभिः | तरिधा समक्तं नयतु परजानन देवेभ्यो दैव्यः शमितोप हव्यम || घर्तं मिमिक्षे घर्तमस्य योनिर्घ्र्ते शरितो घर्तं वस्य धाम | अनुष्वधमा वह मादयस्व सवाहाक्र्तं वर्षभ वक्षि हव्यम ||...

Text: Rig Veda Book 3 Hymn 3 वैश्वानराय पर्थुपाजसे विपो रत्ना विधन्त धरुणेषु गातवे | अग्निर्हि देवानम्र्तो दुवस्यत्यथा धर्माणि सनता न दूदुषत || अन्तर्दूतो रोदसी दस्म ईयते होता निषत्तो मनुषः पुरोहितः | कषयं बर्हन्तं परि भूषति दयुभिर्देवेभिरग्निरिषितो धियावसुः || केतुं यज्ञानां विदथस्य सा धनं विप्रासो अग्निं महयन्त चित्तिभिः | अपांसि यस्मिन्नधि सन्दधुर्गिरस्तस्मिन सुम्नानि यजमान आ चके || पिता यज्ञानामसुरो विपश्चितां विमानमग्निर्वयुनं च वाघताम | आ विवेश रोदसी भूरिवर्पसा पुरुप्रियो भन्दते धामभिः कविः || चन्द्रमग्निं चन्द्ररथं हरिव्रतं वैश्वानरमप्सुषदं सवर्विदम | विगाहं तूर्णिं तविषीभिराव्र्तं भूर्णिं देवास इह सुश्रियं दधुः || अग्निर्देवेभिर्मनुषश्च जन्तुभिस्तन्वानो यज्ञं पुरुपेशसं धिया | रथीरन्तरीयते साधदिष्टिभिर्जीरो दमूना अभिशस्तिचातनः || अग्ने जरस्व सवपत्य आयुन्यूर्जा पिन्वस्व समिषो दिदीहि नः | वयांसि जिन्व बर्हतश्च जाग्र्व उशिग देवानामसि सुक्रतुर्विपाम || विश्पतिं यह्वमतिथिं नरः सदा यन्तारं धीनामुशिजं च वाघताम | अध्वराणां चेतनं जातवेदसं पर शंसन्ति नमसा जूतिभिर्व्र्धे || विभावा देवः सुरणः परि कषितीरग्निर्बभूव शवसासुमद्रथः | तस्य वरतानि भूरिपोषिणो वयमुप भूषेमदम आ सुव्र्क्तिभिः || वैश्वानर तव धामान्या चके येभिः सवर्विदभवो विचक्षण | जात आप्र्णो भुवनानि रोदसी अग्ने ता विस्वा परिभूरसि तमना || वैश्वानरस्य दंसनाभ्यो बर्हदरिणादेकः सवपस्यया कविः | उभा पितरा महयन्नजायताग्निर्द्यावाप्र्थिवी भूरिरेतसा ||...