Shloka
यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिर्मुनिर्मोक्षपरायणः |
विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधो यः सदा मुक्त एव सः ||५-२८||Transliteration
yatendriyamanobuddhirmunirmokṣaparāyaṇaḥ .
vigatecchābhayakrodho yaḥ sadā mukta eva saḥ ||5-28||Translations
Dr.S.Sankaranarayan
5.28. Having known Me as the Enjoyer of [the fruits of] sacrifices and austerties, as the great Lord of all the worlds, and as the Friend of all beings, he (the man of Yoga) attains peace.
Shri Purohit Swami
5.28 Governing sense, mind and intellect, intent on liberation, free from desire, fear and anger, the sage is forever free.
Sri Abhinav Gupta
5.27-28 Sparsan etc.; Yatendriya-etc. Warding off outside, i.e., not accepting, the external contacts (objects); establishing all the sense-organs - indicated by ‘sense of sight’ - in the middle place in between the two wandering ones, i.e., the right and the left views in the form of desire and wrath viz., in that particular place which is free from both these; he would remain fixing in eipoise (or making neutral) both the forward (upward) and backward (downward) moving forces viz., the pious and impious acts, within the mental modification. Nasa ’that which acts crookedly’. This is mental modification, because it behaves crookedly i.e., ineally due to anger etc. The same is in the external plane. A man of Yoga of this type is just free, though he transacts all mundane business.
Sri Ramanuja
5.27 - 5.28 ‘Shutting off all contact with outside objects,’ i.e., stopping the outward functioning of the senses; seated with his trunk straightened in a posture fit for meditation (Yoga); ‘fixing the gaze between the eye-brows,’ i.e., at the root of the nose where the eye-brows meet; ’ealising inward and outward breaths,’ i.e., making exhalatory and inhalatory breath move eally: making the senses, Manas and intellect no longer capable of anything except the vision of the self, conseently being free from ‘desire, fear and wrath’; ‘who is intent on release as his final goal,’ i.e., having release as his only aim - the sage who is thus intent on the vision of the self ‘is indeed liberated for ever,’ i.e., he is almost a liberated person, as he would soon be in the ultimate stage of fruition.
Sri Krsna now says that Karma Yoga, described above, which is facilitated by the performance of obligatory and occasional rites and which culminates in meditation (Yoga), is easy to practise:
Sri Shankaracharya
5.28 Krtva, keeping; bahyan, the external; sparsan, objects-sound etc.; bahih, outside: To one who does not pay attention to the external objects like sound etc., brought to the intellect through the ear etc., the objects become verily kept outside. Having kept them out in this way, and (keeping) the caksuh, eyes; antare, at the juncture; bhruvoh, of the eye-brows (-the word ‘keeping’ has to be supplied-); and similarly, samau krtva, making eal; prana-apanau, the outgoing and the incoming breaths; nasa-abhyantara-carinau, that move through the nostrils; munih, the contemplative-derived (from the root man) in the sense of contemplating-, the monk; yata-indriya-mano-buddhih, who has control over his organs, mind and intellect; should be moksa-para-yanah, fully intent on Liberation-keeping his body is such a posture, the contemplative should have Liberation itself as the supreme Goal. He should be vigata-iccha-bhaya-krodhah, free from desire, fear and anger. The monk yah, who; sada, ever remains thus; sah, he; is muktah yah, who;sada, ever remains thus; sah, he; is muktah, ever, verily free. He has no other Liberation to seek after. What is there to be realized by one who has his mind thus concentrated? The answer this is beig stated:
Swami Adidevananda
5.28 The sage who has controlled his senses, mind and intellect, who is intent on release as his final goal, freed for ever from desire, fear and wrath - is indeed liberated forever.
Swami Gambirananda
5.27-5.28 Keeping the external objects outside, the eyes at the juncture of the eye-brows, and making eal the outgoing and incoming breaths that move through the nostrils, the contemplative who has control over his organs, mind and intellect should be fully intent on Liberation and free from desire, fear and anger. He who is ever is verily free.
Swami Sivananda
5.28 With the senses, the mind and the intellect (ever) controlled, having liberation as his supreme goal, free from desire, fear and anger the sage is verily liberated for ever.
Commentaries
Swami Sivananda
5.28 यतेन्द्रियमनोबुद्धिः with senses? mind and intellect (ever) controlled? मुनिः the sage? मोक्षपरायणः having liberation as his supreme goal? विगतेच्छाभयक्रोधः free from desire? fear and anger? यः who? सदा for ever? मुक्तः free? एव verily? सः he.Commentary If one is free from desire? fear and anger he enjoys perfect peace of mind. When the senses? the mind and the intellect are subjugated? the sage does constant contemplation and,attains for ever to the absolute freedom or Moksha.The mind becomes restless when the modifications of deisre? fear and anger arise in it. When one becomes desireless? the mind moves towards the Self spontaneously liberation or Moksha becomes his highest goal.Muni is one who does Manana or reflection and contemplation.