Viveka (Sanskrit: विवेक, romanized: viveka) is a Sanskrit and Pali term translated into English as discernment or discrimination

According to Rao and Paranjpe, viveka can be explained more fully as:

Sense of discrimination; wisdom; discrimination between the real and the unreal, between the self and the non-self, between the permanent and the impermanent; discriminative inquiry; right intuitive discrimination; ever present discrimination between the transient and the permanent: 348 

The Vivekachudamani is an eighth-century Sanskrit poem in dialogue form that addresses the development of viveka

Within the Vedanta tradition, there is also a concept of vichara which is one type of viveka

Viveka is the basis of the monastic name of Swami Vivekananda, the first Hindu spiritual teacher to journey to the west