Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 3 - Chapter 11

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 1 Sanskrit: मैत्रेय उवाचचरम: सद्विशेषाणामनेकोऽसंयुत: सदा ।परमाणु: स विज्ञेयो नृणामैक्यभ्रमो यत: ॥ १ ॥ ITRANS: maitreya uvācacaramaḥ sad-viśeṣāṇāmaneko ’saṁyutaḥ sadāparamāṇuḥ sa vijñeyonṛṇām aikya-bhramo yataḥ Translation: The material manifestation’s ultimate particle, which is indivisible and not formed into a body, is called the atom. It exists always as an invisible identity, even after the dissolution of all forms. The material body is but a combination of such atoms, but it is misunderstood by the common man....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 2 Sanskrit: सत एव पदार्थस्य स्वरूपावस्थितस्य यत् ।कैवल्यं परममहानविशेषो निरन्तर: ॥ २ ॥ ITRANS: sata eva padārthasyasvarūpāvasthitasya yatkaivalyaṁ parama-mahānaviśeṣo nirantaraḥ Translation: Atoms are the ultimate state of the manifest universe. When they stay in their own forms without forming different bodies, they are called the unlimited oneness. There are certainly different bodies in physical forms, but the atoms themselves form the complete manifestation....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 3 Sanskrit: एवं कालोऽप्यनुमित: सौक्ष्म्ये स्थौल्ये च सत्तम ।संस्थानभुक्त्या भगवानव्यक्तो व्यक्तभुग्विभु: ॥ ३ ॥ ITRANS: evaṁ kālo ’py anumitaḥsaukṣmye sthaulye ca sattamasaṁsthāna-bhuktyā bhagavānavyakto vyakta-bhug vibhuḥ Translation: One can estimate time by measuring the movement of the atomic combination of bodies. Time is the potency of the almighty Personality of Godhead, Hari, who controls all physical movement although He is not visible in the physical world....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 4 Sanskrit: स काल: परमाणुर्वै यो भुङ्क्ते परमाणुताम् ।सतोऽविशेषभुग्यस्तु स काल: परमो महान् ॥ ४ ॥ ITRANS: sa kālaḥ paramāṇur vaiyo bhuṅkte paramāṇutāmsato ’viśeṣa-bhug yas tusa kālaḥ paramo mahān Translation: Atomic time is measured according to its covering a particular atomic space. That time which covers the unmanifest aggregate of atoms is called the great time. Purport: Time and space are two correlative terms....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 5 Sanskrit: अणुर्द्वौ परमाणु स्यात्त्रसरेणुस्त्रय: स्मृत: ।जालार्करश्म्यवगत: खमेवानुपतन्नगात् ॥ ५ ॥ ITRANS: aṇur dvau paramāṇū syāttrasareṇus trayaḥ smṛtaḥjālārka-raśmy-avagataḥkham evānupatann agāt Translation: The division of gross time is calculated as follows: two atoms make one double atom, and three double atoms make one hexatom. This hexatom is visible in the sunshine which enters through the holes of a window screen. One can clearly see that the hexatom goes up towards the sky....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 6 Sanskrit: त्रसरेणुत्रिकं भुङ्क्ते य: काल: स त्रुटि: स्मृत: ।शतभागस्तु वेध: स्यात्तैस्त्रिभिस्तु लव: स्मृत: ॥ ६ ॥ ITRANS: trasareṇu-trikaṁ bhuṅkteyaḥ kālaḥ sa truṭiḥ smṛtaḥśata-bhāgas tu vedhaḥ syāttais tribhis tu lavaḥ smṛtaḥ Translation: The time duration needed for the integration of three trasareṇus is called a truṭi, and one hundred truṭis make one vedha. Three vedhas make one lava. Purport: It is calculated that if a second is divided into 1, 687....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 7 Sanskrit: निमेषस्त्रिलवो ज्ञेय आम्नातस्ते त्रय: क्षण: ।क्षणान् पञ्च विदु: काष्ठां लघु ता दश पञ्च च ॥ ७ ॥ ITRANS: nimeṣas tri-lavo jñeyaāmnātas te trayaḥ kṣaṇaḥkṣaṇān pañca viduḥ kāṣṭhāṁlaghu tā daśa pañca ca Translation: The duration of time of three lavas is equal to one nimeṣa, the combination of three nimeṣas makes one kṣaṇa, five kṣaṇas combined together make one kāṣṭhā, and fifteen kāṣṭhās make one laghu....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 8 Sanskrit: लघूनि वै समाम्नाता दश पञ्च च नाडिका ।ते द्वे मुहूर्त: प्रहर: षड्याम: सप्त नृणाम् ॥ ८ ॥ ITRANS: laghūni vai samāmnātādaśa pañca ca nāḍikāte dve muhūrtaḥ praharaḥṣaḍ yāmaḥ sapta vā nṛṇām Translation: Fifteen laghus make one nāḍikā, which is also called a daṇḍa. Two daṇḍas make one muhūrta, and six or seven daṇḍas make one fourth of a day or night, according to human calculation....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 9 Sanskrit: द्वादशार्धपलोन्मानं चतुर्भिश्चतुरङ्गुलै: ।स्वर्णमाषै: कृतच्छिद्रं यावत्प्रस्थजलप्लुतम् ॥ ९ ॥ ITRANS: dvādaśārdha-palonmānaṁcaturbhiś catur-aṅgulaiḥsvarṇa-māṣaiḥ kṛta-cchidraṁyāvat prastha-jala-plutam Translation: The measuring pot for one nāḍikā, or daṇḍa, can be prepared with a six-pala-weight [fourteen ounce] pot of copper, in which a hole is bored with a gold probe weighing four māṣa and measuring four fingers long. When the pot is placed on water, the time before the water overflows in the pot is called one daṇḍa....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 10 Sanskrit: यामाश्चत्वारश्चत्वारो मर्त्यानामहनी उभे ।पक्ष: पञ्चदशाहानि शुक्ल: कृष्णश्च मानद ॥ १० ॥ ITRANS: yāmāś catvāraś catvāromartyānām ahanī ubhepakṣaḥ pañca-daśāhāniśuklaḥ kṛṣṇaś ca mānada Translation: It is calculated that there are four praharas, which are also called yāmas, in the day and four in the night of the human being. Similarly, fifteen days and nights are a fortnight, and there are two fortnights, white and black, in a month....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 11 Sanskrit: तयो: समुच्चयो मास: पितृणां तदहर्निशम् ।द्वौ तावृतु: षडयनं दक्षिणं चोत्तरं दिवि ॥ ११ ॥ ITRANS: tayoḥ samuccayo māsaḥpitṝṇāṁ tad ahar-niśamdvau tāv ṛtuḥ ṣaḍ ayanaṁdakṣiṇaṁ cottaraṁ divi Translation: The aggregate of two fortnights is one month, and that period is one complete day and night for the Pitā planets. Two of such months comprise one season, and six months comprise one complete movement of the sun from south to north....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 12 Sanskrit: अयने चाहनी प्राहुर्वत्सरो द्वादश स्मृत: ।संवत्सरशतं नृणांपरमायुर्निरूपितम् ॥ १२ ॥ ITRANS: ayane cāhanī prāhurvatsaro dvādaśa smṛtaḥsaṁvatsara-śataṁ nṝṇāṁparamāyur nirūpitam Translation: Two solar movements make one day and night of the demigods, and that combination of day and night is one complete calendar year for the human being. The human being has a duration of life of one hundred years. Purport:

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 13 Sanskrit: ग्रहर्क्षताराचक्रस्थ: परमाण्वादिना जगत् ।संवत्सरावसानेन पर्येत्यनिमिषो विभु: ॥ १३ ॥ ITRANS: graharkṣa-tārā-cakra-sthaḥparamāṇv-ādinā jagatsaṁvatsarāvasānenaparyety animiṣo vibhuḥ Translation: Influential stars, planets, luminaries and atoms all over the universe are rotating in their respective orbits under the direction of the Supreme, represented by eternal kāla. Purport: In the Brahma-saṁhitā it is stated that the sun is the eye of the Supreme and it rotates in its particular orbit of time....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 14 Sanskrit: संवत्सर: परिवत्सर इडावत्सर एव च ।अनुवत्सरो वत्सरश्च विदुरैवं प्रभाष्यते ॥ १४ ॥ ITRANS: saṁvatsaraḥ parivatsaraiḍā-vatsara eva caanuvatsaro vatsaraś caviduraivaṁ prabhāṣyate Translation: There are five different names for the orbits of the sun, moon, stars and luminaries in the firmament, and they each have their own saṁvatsara. Purport: The subject matters of physics, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, time and space dealt with in the above verses of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam are certainly very interesting to students of the particular subject, but as far as we are concerned, we cannot explain them very thoroughly in terms of technical knowledge....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 3 - Chapter 1 - Verse 15 Sanskrit: य: सृज्यशक्तिमुरुधोच्छ्‌वसयन् स्वशक्त्यापुंसोऽभ्रमाय दिवि धावति भूतभेद: ।कालाख्यया गुणमयं क्रतुभिर्वितन्वं-स्तस्मै बलिं हरत वत्सरपञ्चकाय ॥ १५ ॥ ITRANS: yaḥ sṛjya-śaktim urudhocchvasayan sva-śaktyāpuṁso ’bhramāya divi dhāvati bhūta-bhedaḥkālākhyayā guṇamayaṁ kratubhir vitanvaṁstasmai baliṁ harata vatsara-pañcakāya Translation: O Vidura, the sun enlivens all living entities with his unlimited heat and light. He diminishes the duration of life of all living entities in order to release them from their illusion of material attachment, and he enlarges the path of elevation to the heavenly kingdom....