Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 11 - Chapter 25

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 1 Sanskrit: श्रीभगवानुवाचगुणानामसम्मिश्राणां पुमान् येन यथा भवेत् ।तन्मे पुरुषवर्येदमुपधारय शंसत: ॥ १ ॥ ITRANS: śrī-bhagavān uvācaguṇānām asammiśrāṇāṁpumān yena yathā bhavettan me puruṣa-varyedamupadhāraya śaṁsataḥ Translation: The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: O best among men, please listen as I describe to you how the living entity attains a particular nature by association with individual material modes. Purport: The word asammiśra indicates that which is not mixed with anything else....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 2-5 Sanskrit: शमो दमस्तितिक्षेक्षा तप: सत्यं दया स्मृति: ।तुष्टिस्त्यागोऽस्पृहा श्रद्धा ह्रीर्दयादि: स्वनिर्वृति: ॥ २ ॥काम ईहा मदस्तृष्णा स्तम्भ आशीर्भिदा सुखम् ।मदोत्साहो यश:प्रीतिर्हास्यं वीर्यं बलोद्यम: ॥ ३ ॥क्रोधो लोभोऽनृतं हिंसा याच्ञा दम्भ: क्लम: कलि: ।शोकमोहौ विषादार्ती निद्राशा भीरनुद्यम: ॥ ४ ॥सत्त्वस्य रजसश्चैतास्तमसश्चानुपूर्वश: ।वृत्तयो वर्णितप्राया: सन्निपातमथो श‍ृणु ॥ ५ ॥ ITRANS: śamo damas titikṣekṣātapaḥ satyaṁ dayā smṛtiḥtuṣṭis tyāgo ’spṛhā śraddhāhrīr dayādiḥ sva-nirvṛtiḥ Translation: Mind and sense control, tolerance, discrimination, sticking to one’s prescribed duty, truthfulness, mercy, careful study of the past and future, satisfaction in any condition, generosity, renunciation of sense gratification, faith in the spiritual master, being embarrassed at improper action, charity, simplicity, humbleness and satisfaction within oneself are qualities of the mode of goodness....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 6 Sanskrit: सन्निपातस्त्वहमिति ममेत्युद्धव या मति: ।व्यवहार: सन्निपातो मनोमात्रेन्द्रियासुभि: ॥ ६ ॥ ITRANS: sannipātas tv aham itimamety uddhava yā matiḥvyavahāraḥ sannipātomano-mātrendriyāsubhiḥ Translation: My dear Uddhava, the combination of all three modes is present in the mentality of “I” and “mine.” The ordinary transactions of this world, which are carried out through the agency of the mind, the objects of perception, the senses and the vital airs of the physical body, are also based on the combination of the modes....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 7 Sanskrit: धर्मे चार्थे च कामे च यदासौ परिनिष्ठित: ।गुणानां सन्निकर्षोऽयं श्रद्धारतिधनावह: ॥ ७ ॥ ITRANS: dharme cārthe ca kāme cayadāsau pariniṣṭhitaḥguṇānāṁ sannikarṣo ’yaṁśraddhā-rati-dhanāvahaḥ Translation: When a person devotes himself to religiosity, economic development and sense gratification, the faith, wealth and sensual enjoyment obtained by his endeavors display the interaction of the three modes of nature. Purport: Religiosity, economic development and sense gratification are situated within the modes of nature, and the faith, wealth and enjoyment obtained by them clearly reveal the particular situation of a person within the modes of nature....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 8 Sanskrit: प्रवृत्तिलक्षणे निष्ठा पुमान् यर्हि गृहाश्रमे ।स्वधर्मे चानुतिष्ठेत गुणानां समितिर्हि सा ॥ ८ ॥ ITRANS: pravṛtti-lakṣaṇe niṣṭhāpumān yarhi gṛhāśramesva-dharme cānu tiṣṭhetaguṇānāṁ samitir hi sā Translation: When a man desires sense gratification, being attached to family life, and when he consequently becomes established in religious and occupational duties, the combination of the modes of nature is manifest. Purport: According to Śrīla Śrīdhara Svāmī, religious duties performed for promotion to heaven are understood to be in the mode of passion, those performed to enjoy ordinary family life are in the mode of ignorance, and those performed selflessly to fulfill one’s occupational duty in the varṇāśrama system are in the mode of goodness....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 9 Sanskrit: पुरुषं सत्त्वसंयुक्तमनुमीयाच्छमादिभि: ।कामादिभी रजोयुक्तं क्रोधाद्यैस्तमसा युतम् ॥ ९ ॥ ITRANS: puruṣaṁ sattva-saṁyuktamanumīyāc chamādibhiḥkāmādibhī rajo-yuktaṁkrodhādyais tamasā yutam Translation: A person exhibiting qualities such as self-control is understood to be predominantly in the mode of goodness. Similarly, a passionate person is recognized by his lust, and one in ignorance is recognized by qualities such as anger. Purport:

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 10 Sanskrit: यदा भजति मां भक्त्या निरपेक्ष: स्वकर्मभि: ।तं सत्त्वप्रकृतिं विद्यात् पुरुषं स्‍त्रियमेव वा ॥ १० ॥ ITRANS: yadā bhajati māṁ bhaktyānirapekṣaḥ sva-karmabhiḥtaṁ sattva-prakṛtiṁ vidyātpuruṣaṁ striyam eva vā Translation: Any person, whether man or woman, who worships Me with loving devotion, offering his or her prescribed duties unto Me without material attachment, is understood to be situated in goodness. Purport:

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 11 Sanskrit: यदा आशिष आशास्य मां भजेत स्वकर्मभि: ।तं रज:प्रकृतिं विद्यात् हिंसामाशास्य तामसम् ॥ ११ ॥ ITRANS: yadā āśiṣa āśāsyamāṁ bhajeta sva-karmabhiḥtaṁ rajaḥ-prakṛtiṁ vidyāthiṁsām āśāsya tāmasam Translation: When a person worships Me by his prescribed duties with the hope of gaining material benefit, his nature should be understood to be in passion, and one who worships Me with the desire to commit violence against others is in ignorance....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 12 Sanskrit: सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणा जीवस्य नैव मे ।चित्तजा यैस्तु भूतानां सज्जमानो निबध्यते ॥ १२ ॥ ITRANS: sattvaṁ rajas tama itiguṇā jīvasya naiva mecitta-jā yais tu bhūtānāṁsajjamāno nibadhyate Translation: The three modes of material nature — goodness, passion and ignorance — influence the living entity but not Me. Manifesting within his mind, they induce the living entity to become attached to material bodies and other created objects....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 13 Sanskrit: यदेतरौ जयेत् सत्त्वं भास्वरं विशदं शिवम् ।तदा सुखेन युज्येत धर्मज्ञानादिभि: पुमान् ॥ १३ ॥ ITRANS: yadetarau jayet sattvaṁbhāsvaraṁ viśadaṁ śivamtadā sukhena yujyetadharma-jñānādibhiḥ pumān Translation: When the mode of goodness, which is luminous, pure and auspicious, predominates over passion and ignorance, a man becomes endowed with happiness, virtue, knowledge and other good qualities. Purport: One can control one’s mind and senses in the mode of goodness....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 14 Sanskrit: यदा जयेत्तम: सत्त्वं रज: सङ्गं भिदा चलम् ।तदा दु:खेन युज्येत कर्मणा यशसा श्रिया ॥ १४ ॥ ITRANS: yadā jayet tamaḥ sattvaṁrajaḥ saṅgaṁ bhidā calamtadā duḥkhena yujyetakarmaṇā yaśasā śriyā Translation: When the mode of passion, which causes attachment, separatism and activity, conquers ignorance and goodness, a man begins to work hard to acquire prestige and fortune. Thus in the mode of passion he experiences anxiety and struggle....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 15 Sanskrit: यदा जयेद् रज: सत्त्वं तमो मूढं लयं जडम् ।युज्येत शोकमोहाभ्यां निद्रयाहिंसयाशया ॥ १५ ॥ ITRANS: yadā jayed rajaḥ sattvaṁtamo mūḍhaṁ layaṁ jaḍamyujyeta śoka-mohābhyāṁnidrayā hiṁsayāśayā Translation: When the mode of ignorance conquers passion and goodness, it covers one’s consciousness and makes one foolish and dull. Falling into lamentation and illusion, a person in the mode of ignorance sleeps excessively, indulges in false hopes, and displays violence toward others....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 16 Sanskrit: यदा चित्तं प्रसीदेत इन्द्रियाणां च निर्वृति: ।देहेऽभयं मनोऽसङ्गं तत् सत्त्वं विद्धि मत्पदम् ॥ १६ ॥ ITRANS: yadā cittaṁ prasīdetaindriyāṇāṁ ca nirvṛtiḥdehe ’bhayaṁ mano-’saṅgaṁtat sattvaṁ viddhi mat-padam Translation: When consciousness becomes clear and the senses are detached from matter, one experiences fearlessness within the material body and detachment from the material mind. You should understand this situation to be the predominance of the mode of goodness, in which one has the opportunity to realize Me....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 17 Sanskrit: विकुर्वन् क्रियया चाधीरनिवृत्तिश्च चेतसाम् ।गात्रास्वास्थ्यं मनो भ्रान्तं रज एतैर्निशामय ॥ १७ ॥ ITRANS: vikurvan kriyayā cā-dhīranivṛttiś ca cetasāmgātrāsvāsthyaṁ mano bhrāntaṁraja etair niśāmaya Translation: You should discern the mode of passion by its symptoms — the distortion of the intelligence because of too much activity, the inability of the perceiving senses to disentangle themselves from mundane objects, an unhealthy condition of the working physical organs, and the unsteady perplexity of the mind....

Srimad-Bhagavatam: Canto 11 - Chapter 1 - Verse 18 Sanskrit: सीदच्चित्तं विलीयेत चेतसो ग्रहणेऽक्षमम् ।मनो नष्टं तमो ग्लानिस्तमस्तदुपधारय ॥ १८ ॥ ITRANS: sīdac cittaṁ vilīyetacetaso grahaṇe ’kṣamammano naṣṭaṁ tamo glānistamas tad upadhāraya Translation: When one’s higher awareness fails and finally disappears and one is thus unable to concentrate his attention, his mind is ruined and manifests ignorance and depression. You should understand this situation to be the predominance of the mode of ignorance....